This evaluation uses new cost-effectiveness estimates to update olaparib for previously treated BRCA mutation-positive hormone-relapsed metastatic prostate cancer (NICE technology appraisal guidance TA831). No new clinical evidence was reviewed. Treatments for BRCA mutation-positive hormone-relapsed metastatic prostate cancer that has progressed after enzalutamide or abiraterone include taxanes (for example, docetaxel or cabazitaxel), radium‑223 dichloride and best supportive care. The company provided evidence based on whether or not people had already had a taxane. This is because people have different treatments depending on whether they have had a taxane before. Clinical trial evidence shows that people taking olaparib have more time before their cancer gets worse, and live longer overall, than people having retreatment with abiraterone or enzalutamide. However, this retreatment is not considered effective and is not standard care in the NHS. For people who have had a taxane before, olaparib has not been directly compared with docetaxel, cabazitaxel or radium‑223 dichloride. An indirect comparison suggests that olaparib increases how long people live compared with cabazitaxel. For people who have not had a taxane before there is also no direct evidence comparing olaparib with docetaxel or best supportive care. But an exploratory indirect comparison suggests that olaparib may increase how long people live compared with both best supportive care and docetaxel. Olaparib likely meets NICE's criteria for a life-extending treatment at the end of life. When taking this into account, the most likely cost-effectiveness estimates are within what NICE considers an acceptable use of NHS resources. So olaparib is recommended.