This is the first Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society guideline for primary and secondary hospitals in low–middle-income countries (LMIC’s) for elective abdominal and gynecologic care. The ERAS LMIC Guidelines group was established by the ERAS® Society in collaboration with different re...
This guideline addresses: provision of day-care for children under the age of 6 years and provision of basic swimming skills and water safety training to children aged 6 years and older. Developed following GRADE methodology, approved by the WHO Guideline Review Committee and intended for use by policy-m...
Medicines account for 20–60% of health spending in low- and middle-income countries, compared with 18% in countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Up to 90% of the population in developing countries purchase medicines through out-of-pocket payments, making medicines the ...
In 2011 WHO conditionally recommended the use of at least 36 months of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) (as a proxy for lifelong or continuous treatment) for people living with HIV in high TB-prevalence and transmission settings. The evidence of the benefits and harms of 36-month IPT compared to 6-mont...
The objective of this document is to provide technical recommendations on effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among sex workers and their clients. These include evidence-based recommendations following the GRADE methodology as w...
Tuberculosis (TB) contacts are people who have close contact with patients with infectious TB.
As they are at high risk for infection (and in line with the Stop TB strategy), TB contacts should
be investigated systematically and actively for TB infection and disease. Such interventions
are called ‘tube...
About 16 million adolescent girls between 15 and 19 years of age give birth each year. Babies born to adolescent mothers account for roughly 11% of all births worldwide, with 95% occurring in developing countries. For some of these young women, pregnancy and childbirth are planned and wanted, but for ma...
Conventional light microscopy of Ziehl-Neelsen-stained smears prepared directly from sputum specimens is the most widely available test for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in resource-limited settings. Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy is highly specific, but its sensitivity is variable (20–80%) and is significa...
HIV is increasingly affecting the health and welfare of children and undermining hard-won gains in child survival in some of the highly affected countries. Recent estimates from UNAIDS suggest that, globally, about 2.1 million children younger than 15 years of age have HIV. The roll out of paediatric HIV...
Research over the past decade has resulted in the development of two commercial interferongamma release assays (IGRAs), based on the principle that the T-cells of individuals who have acquired TB infection respond to re-stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens by secreting interferon...
